Categories for Blog

June 15, 2016

Travelling Corner: A Frenchman in America (Part 1)

Salut! I’m Nicolas, a French teacher and a new recruit at Bristol Language School. As I’m very keen on discovering new cultures, I love to travel.  But I had never left Europe – until I went to the U.S. a few weeks ago! Here is my report about this experience…

USA 4Day 1:
It was to be my first transatlantic flight, but I thought I would never arrive at the airport on time as the road to Gatwick was blocked by some trees that had blown down during the stormy night…not a good start! Fortunately, it was only the way to the North terminal that was blocked, and I was headed for the South terminal – phew!  Had I forgotten anything? I had my ticket, my ESTA visa, my luggage, a packed lunch, my sunglasses, a few dollars… And we were off!

The flight was from 2pm (here) to 5pm (there), so basically we followed the sun and it seemed like the day would never end! When you arrive in Los Angeles, you are greeted by a massive American flag and a picture of Barack Obama (I didn’t dare take a photo in the airport – I didn’t want them to think I was a spy!), then you have to fill in a form for customs, and then you have to pass through SECURITY.  I don’t know if anything like this exists in other countries, but there, the scanning gate is like a cross between Orwell’s Big Brother and a Star Trek teleport machine. And finally, you need to have all your fingerprints scanned, which doesn’t make you feel very at ease.

USA 9In total, it takes me almost 3 hours to reach my hostel, which is in Venice.  This is no country for pedestrians!!! I am not surprised, but I thought it would be easy enough to find a bus stop, but there are no shops, no pedestrians (it’s 7pm), and no one knows where my hostel is… or even recognises the name of the street it’s on!  Don’t panic! After a bit of trial and error, a man helps me find it, and I land in a comfy, although not very clean, place.

At last, I can have a proper local burger and fries! I have one with some other hostel guests. Some of them are from South America, others are from the East coast. I struggle to get used to their accent… I need to train my ear!

USA 12It’s midnight, and I realise I’ve been up for more than 24 hours.  I go to bed and fall asleep straight away… Tomorrow I will have more energy to visit LA!
To Be Continued…

Written by Nicolas Salmon

June 8, 2016

Magazine Review: On Languages, Translation and Travelling

Every month we publish a book review on our blog, but this month I have decided to write about some magazines on languages, translation and travelling that I enjoy reading (and yes, I am an old-fashioned lady, as I only have paper versions of them!). They are all available for subscription in the UK and internationally, but some are only available through membership.

Travelling: National Geographic
A classic. I had to include the NG here. I love their photographs: beautiful, intriguing and fascinating. The content can feed any desire from scientific and factual to artistic, and it is all highly inspiring. Also in the perfect format and size for any lengthy commuting or travelling.

Magazine Review on lang trans travel--NG

Travelling & Languages: Cereal
Elegant. Minimal. Exquisite. A very tasteful read. Bi-annual magazine.

Magazine Review on lang trans travel--Cereal

Travelling: Cornwall Life
Inspirational. With my heart soaked under the beauty of Cornwall, I inspire myself monthly by learning about new places to visit, stay, eat or relax.

Magazine Review on lang trans travel--Cornwall Life

Translation: ITI Bulletin
Practical. When I decided to become a translator, I wanted to learn more about this profession and all the links led to this bi-monthly bulletin published by the Institute of Translation & Interpreting. It is highly informative, with good advice from fellow translators and a wide range of interesting topics (from marketing, finances, networking and website-building to events, workshops and recommended reading). Available only through membership.

Magazine Review on lang trans travel--ITI Bulletin

Translation & Languages: The Linguist
All-in-one. There is a good combination of translation-, interpreting-, language-, communication-, education-, linguistic-related topics. It is published bi-monthly by the Charted Institute of Linguists. Available through membership, subscription or online.

Magazine Review on lang trans travel--The Linguist

Languages: Babel Magazine
Curiosity. It is a real linguistic pleasure. I think I am often surprised by the articles published here; I mean positively surprised. I have been a subscriber from the very first issue and still enjoy every issue out of 4 published annually.

Magazine Review on lang trans travel--Babel

This is my list. Do you have any favourite magazines or journals on languages, translation and travelling? Please share your favourites in the comments below.

Written by Kinga Macalla

June 1, 2016

On Languages: Italian

Do you want to get a real taste of Italian life, travel around this beautiful country with ease, appreciate its art and architecture and be able to compliment the chef when you try the local delicacies? This guide to learning the language of the Bel Paese should give you a head start.

On Languages--Italian 2

Say what you see
Unlike English, Italian spelling is phonetic. That means that the spelling of a word tells you how to say it (except in a few isolated cases, such as homonyms like ‘pesca’ (fishing) and ‘pesca’ (peach), and of course regional variations). It also means that words that have the same ending will always rhyme. For example, ‘cane’ (dog) and ‘pane’ (bread) will always rhyme (compare with English ‘chalice’, ‘police’ and ‘lice’, to give you an idea!). Italians pronounce every letter in a word, including vowels, so ‘aiuola’ (flowerbed) is a-i-u-oo-l-a and ‘cappello’ (hat) is cap-pel-lo. One thing to watch out for though is the stress pattern in words: in words with two syllables, like freddo (cold) and dito (finger), the stress falls on the first syllable, unless there is an accent on the last syllable to tell you that it is stressed (compare ‘papa’ (Pope) and ‘papà’ (dad)). In longer words, there is no predictable stress pattern, so you will need to learn them.  Uomo avvisato mezzo salvato – forewarned is forearmed!

Articulate!
Italian speakers move their mouths a lot when they are speaking.  They open their mouths wide and form the sounds with their lips – they don’t mumble!  They do this to say the vowel sounds clearly.  Have a go: try pronouncing the Italian letter ‘a’ – you just have to open your mouth wide and say ‘aahh’! Try this with new words you learn – practice pronouncing them in front of the mirror and make sure you get your mouth moving!

Get your hands moving
Anyone who has spent any amount of time in Italy or around Italians will have noticed that Italians move their hands a lot when they talk.  The insider knows that this is not just for emphasis – unlike some languages where speakers have more or less idiosyncratic hand gestures that they use to stress what they are saying, or to try to make it clearer, Italian hand gestures each have an individual meaning.  They are so vital to communication that Bruno Munari even published a (humorous) Supplement to the Italian Dictionary all about hand gestures (the text is available in Italian, English, French and German). You can also find numerous videos on the internet that explain their use. Try and learn a few to make your spoken (and silent) Italian more authentic.

Regional variations
There are many different regional accents in Italian, which means that consonants, vowels and the melody of the phrase change depending on where you are in the country. Most areas, but particularly villages and rural areas, also have a dialect that is different from standard Italian.  Dialects are mostly used at home and with friends, whereas standard Italian is used for more formal occasions and between Italians from different regions so they can understand each other. Read more about regional variations here and read about the use of different expressions here.

Take your pick
Italy has a lot to offer, be it music, art, literature, food, sport, architecture, history, travel or fashion.  Pick your favourite one of these and learn all about it – in Italian!

Written by Suzannah Young

May 25, 2016

Language Learning Techniques: Develop your Reading Skills in Another Language

You may remember our blog post from a few weeks ago on how to improve your listening comprehension skills in a new language.  This week we give you more tips on how to optimise your language learning – this time with advice on how to develop your reading in another language.  Whether you’re choosing what to eat at a restaurant, poring over a newspaper, or following directions on a map, reading is a big part of using your target language.  Working on your reading skills can also help you develop your writing as you learn about written constructions.  Here are a few ideas to help you learn.

Reading skills 2

Read a Lot
Read anything you can get your hands on in your chosen language. Try to read at least one thing in the language you are learning every day. The more you read it, the more familiar the language will become and the easier reading will be.  Reading will help you develop background knowledge about the culture you are studying too, which will help your understanding as well.  You can also read about the culture in your own language, so it becomes familiar to you.

Choose Materials You Find Interesting
You can choose a text type you are familiar with, through your work or hobbies, and read an example in your chosen language, such as a magazine article on motorbikes or a recipe for a typical dish from the country where they speak the language you are learning.  You will know what kind of words will be used, so you will be comfortable with the task.  Choose things you would like to read in your native language. Don’t read things that are boring just because you think you should – it will put you off!  Pick your favourite novel and read the translation in the language you are learning.  You might like to try graded readers as well, as the structures are adapted to learners of the language but they pitch the story to adults rather than children so it is not boring for adult learners.  Reading for pleasure can help your learning immensely – it is not the same as using a textbook which (let’s be honest) can be a bit dry sometimes.

Develop Your Vocabulary – Gradually
The good thing about reading is that you can control how fast you learn.  You can give yourself time to think.
When you first approach a text, read for the gist – identify words you know and work out the general subject.  Look up a few words if you are really stuck on them but don’t dwell on how many words you don’t know and don’t look up all the unfamiliar words you read – it will slow you down.  Instead, underline them to look up later.  Remember, you will be able to understand a lot of the text even if you don’t understand every word.  You can look up the words you underlined when you finish reading.  You can always read the text again once you’ve done that.  As you look up words, build lists of vocabulary by theme.  For example, list everything you find about cooking, sports, the weather or politics.  If you find a verb, look up nouns that go with it, and adjectives.  For example: ‘compter’ in French means ‘to count’, ‘comptable’ is ‘accountant’ and ‘comptabilité’ means ‘accounting’.  In Italian, ‘rabbia’ is ‘anger’, ‘arrabbiarsi’ is ‘to get angry’ and ‘arrabiato’ is ‘angry’.  Most languages will allow you to do this exercise!  You can also find lists of vocabulary to learn on the internet, such as the 1000 words challenge (http://www.speaktothefuture.org/1000-words-challenge/).  Look up synonyms and antonyms of the words you learn to build your vocabulary even more.  If you are a visual learner, draw pictures associated with the words you are learning to help you remember them.  Repeat the words as much as you can so they stick in your head.
Of course, one thing to remember is that you don’t read just in order to learn words. If you read a book you are interested in, you will learn words in context and be more likely to remember them anyway.

Give Yourself Different Reading Tasks
Try different reading tasks to build your ease of reading.  You can time how long it takes you to read a text a few times – you will see how you get faster as your fluency increases.  You can decide to read fast or slow.  You can read a text aloud (this will also help with your pronunciation), in a reading group or in a pair (meet up with someone from your class!)  Come back to texts you have already read to see how much more you understand the second time round!  Listen to the text you are reading – an audiobook or a radio show with a transcript, for example – to hear how native speakers pronounce the words and what the reading aloud style is like in your chosen language.

Bonne lecture! Veel leesplezier! Miłego czytania!

Written by Suzannah Young

May 18, 2016

Careers Advice: Working as a Translator or Interpreter

When you learn a new language, one way you might like to put your skills to good use is by becoming a translator or interpreter.  Translation is turning a text written in one language into a text in another language and interpreting is conveying a spoken or signed message in a different spoken language.  In this post we give you tips about how to train for both professions.  They are both careers that can take you round the world or can allow you to work from your own home.  You will find more tips on how to work as a translator or interpreter in this webinar.

career advice--translation and interpeting 2

Training as a Translator
There are many different translation genres, such as legal translation, medical translation, technical translation, scientific translation, literary translation – to name but a few – and it is possible to specialise in one or more.

Various universities in the UK and abroad offer translation courses, including the University of Bristol, which offers an MA in Translation and the University of Bath, which offers an MA in Translation and Professional Language Skills.

The Chartered Institute of Linguistics Diploma in Translation (DipTrans IoLET) is a postgraduate diploma available for many language combinations.  You can study for it at a school or through distance learning.

If literary translation is your thing, you can go to the British Centre for Literary Translation international summer school in Literary Translation and Creative Writing.

There are also numerous events that allow you to network with other translators and improve your career prospects, including the British Library Translation Day.  You can read about the 2015 edition on the British Library website.

Training as an Interpreter
Just as translation takes various forms and translators can specialise in different genres, there are different types of interpreting that require different types of training.

To do public service interpreting, which, in the UK, means interpreting in the areas of law (courts, solicitors, immigration), healthcare (hospitals, clinics, GP practices) and local government (housing, social work, education, etc.), you can train for an IoLET Diploma in Public Service Interpreting (DPSI) for one of the three domains.

To interpret for the police, you can train for the IoLET Diploma in Police Interpreting.

You can also do a BA or an MA in Interpreting (such as this one at the University of Bath) – as long as public service interpreting skills are emphasised – or a Postgraduate Diploma in Interpreting.

Another type of interpreting is conference interpreting, that is used in business and government environments, which can be studied for at universities around the world.  Check here for a list of eligible schools. There is also advice on the European Commission website on how to become a conference interpreter; the European institutions are one of the main places that employ conference interpreters, alongside the United Nations, NATO, and other international bodies.

Membership of Professional Bodies
Like other professions, translation and interpreting have professional associations that you can be a member of. Membership of the Chartered Institute of Linguists gives you access to networking opportunities, professional development, a magazine subscription and other benefits as well. Membership of the Institute of Translators and Interpreters is available to individuals and organisations and includes benefits such as subscription to the ITI Bulletin professional journal, discounted events attendance, networking opportunities and access to job adverts.

Written Suzannah Young

May 11, 2016

Book Review: The Accidental Asian by Eric Liu

Eric Liu is a monolingual American whose Chinese parents emigrated to the USA and lived there for the rest of their lives. In Liu’s memoir, The Accidental Asian, he presents a series of essays on ethnic identity, assimilation and “Chinese-ness ”. He chose topics that are particularly close to him, to his experience and to his unique family and life situation.

The_Accidental_Asian_cover

I found the extracts devoted to the Chinese language really fascinating. Eric Liu is not bilingual; he speaks and understands some Chinese, but not fluently. In fact, he expresses his surprise in the book at how little he could understand his Chinese grandmother, Po-Po. We also learn that he is unable to read a Chinese memorial book about his father’s life. I suppose  his complete assimilation had its price: he lost this common skill binding him to his family and ancestors.

I would definitely recommend this book to any parent who is hesitating as to whether to raise their child multilingually and also to anyone who is interested in multilingualism, multiculturalism and “Chinese-ness”.

Written by Kinga Macalla

May 4, 2016

On Languages: Czech

The Czech language or čeština is a language which may look and sound difficult: the words’ endings can change, vowels with acute signs have a longer pronunciation and words are written with diacritics. BUT, it is a funny sounding language due to its soft pronunciation, with many words you may already know or which may sound familiar: e.g. muzeum, galerie, sestra, tři, robot, Pilsner, Škoda, Bat’a. What’s more, the stress is always on the first syllable and there are only three tenses: the present, the past and the future!

Osudy dobreho vojaka Svejka

The Czech language belongs to the group of Slavonic languages and if you speak Russian, Polish or Croatian, that certainly helps. But, this does not mean that non-Slavonic-language speakers cannot master the language.

In many textbooks, it is said that there are two Czech languages, the standard (spisovná čeština) and the colloquial (obecná čeština). This is a phenomenon that also exists in many other languages: the everyday language is different from the one spoken in formal situations. Yet  in Czech, the difference between the two is indeed visible. If you happen to live in the Czech Republic you can learn it fairly quickly (as you will hear how the natives speak on a regular basis) and if you are living abroad and want to learn Czech for business or to follow the news and read newspapers, then the formal language might be more useful. However, you can always learn both!
Written by Kinga Macalla

April 27, 2016

Interview with Family without Borders

1. We are very impressed by your motivation to prove that a nomadic lifestyle and having children don’t have to be mutually exclusive. What advice would you give to new parents who don’t want to give up on travelling?
Just don’t 😉 Just think about anything you would like to do with your life – without the stereotype “if I have kids I can’t…”. Think whether you really can’t. Having kids is a very good excuse for not doing things: going out, developing, taking care of yourself. In our couple we believe that your kids will be happy – if you are happy. Not when you sacrifice yourself to do this or not to do that. With us, it just so happened that what makes us happy – is travelling. So we wanted to check whether our kids liked it too. We took into account that they might not and we had in mind that we would come back home if they were unhappy. But what does a little kid need? To sleep, to eat and to have happy parents!

Family without borders 4

2. You’re a journalist, your husband works as a photographer. Are your travels professionally motivated or are they just for leisure? 
It started with pure family holiday happiness. The time together. Both my pregnancies were risky, both girls were born much too early and with both of them we spent long weeks in the hospital, at the beginning of their lives. Travelling was this “finally, our time together”, non-stop together, kids with mama and papa 24/7. But I am a journalist and my husband loves taking pictures – I was taking notes and he was taking pictures. In the beginning, our blog was just for the grandparents, but then it started to grow, got more popular, we started to have opportunities to publish some of the stories in travel magazines – and this just motivated us to collect notes and pictures in a more professional way.

3. Does travelling with children enhance your travelling experience? Do your daughters offer a different perspective of the places you visit?
Absolutely! Travelling is slower (because based on smaller feet or with little breaks here and there) but also more detailed. They also ask a lot of questions – which motivates me to find the answers. And they help us to get in touch with people immediately. Starting from talking about their names, age and amount of teeth, very quickly we can move on to serious, and also journalistic, topics.

4. Have you had to adapt your travels since the girls were born (for example in terms of safety)? Are there any places you chose not to visit because of this?
Actually, we only started seriously travelling with them. Before they were born, each of us, travelled a bit, separately but it was not far and not for long. What is worse about travelling with kids than without them? What can’t you do (if you would like to)? We do not party too much in the evenings (because we can’t leave them in the car, tent or hostel room alone), like we could at home, having their grandmother or our friends to help with it. And we don’t visit war zones or casinos. All the other things we do: travelling through mountains, visiting refugee camps, hitch-hiking on the yacht. We do believe that for kids everything can be interesting (not only so-called “family friendly” places). Even if it’s only interesting for the parents, they can talk to them about it.

5. In terms of language, how do you find bringing up your girls in a trilingual environment? Do you use any particular strategies? What are the main challenges?
We are a Polish-German couple and it was clear to us from the beginning that I was going to speak Polish with my kids and Tom, German. I can’t imagine not speaking my own language to them, the one I love and feel the best in. It would be artificial somehow. And because Tom and I speak English to each other, they also have passive knowledge of English. That’s what we thought, but during our visit to New Zealand, they also started to speak English. For them, the concept of languages is normal and clear: people in the world speak different languages. It is also easy in Berlin: in our kindergarten most of the kids are bi- or trilingual.
From our perspective: it was very important to make a separation: one person-one language. Tom can also speak Polish for example, but if he sometimes spoke  Polish to the girls, they would code it as German. For them: everything that papa says to them – is one language.

Family without borders 3

6. In your opinion, how does a multicultural childhood affect a child’s development?
I don’t know how it is with other kids, because I was never a mother of non-multicultural kids 😉 I can also look around and compare: they don’t have this “the Other” attitude. They know (because of their languages and because of travelling) that people can be very different and have different behaviours. That very poor people, who speak some strange Mayan language in Guatemala, might give them the best chocolate ever or that black kids in Vanuatu might be better at hide-and-seek. And that it all doesn’t matter and in most cases you do not need a language or even deep knowledge of some culture – you can just stay open, smiling and respectful – and you will be happy everywhere. My girls know that a “stranger” is in the first place a potential friend, not a danger.

Brilliant, thank you, we will follow your travelling projects eagerly.

Interviewed by Bristol Language School  
Photo courtesy of The Family Without Borders
To follow The Family’s travels and life visit their website and FB page.
If you would like to purchase a copy of “Rodzina bez granic”, you can do so here (from mid-May 2016).

April 20, 2016

Travelling Corner: 5 Favourite Secret Beaches in Cornwall

I return to Cornwall frequently, most often to walk the South-West Coast Path. Whilst walking, I have discovered quite a few beautiful secret beaches. Below is a list of my favourites (and yes, I swam in the sea there, too, brrrr!).

SWCPTrebarwith Strand Beach
Quite large, big waves, popular [directions: Trebarwith Strand car park]

TrebarwithLundy Bay
Small, picturesque, big waves, semi-popular [directions: 1 mile along the coast path from Port Quin or ½ mile from the National Trust car park on New Polzeath Road]

Lunday Bay 1Porth Joke (Polly Joke)
Small, but long, quiet, semi-popular [directions: 1 mile along the coast path from the car park in West Pentire]

Polly JokePorthcurno Beach
Quite large, beautiful, popular [directions: very steep walk down from Minack Theatre]

Porthcurno1Polurrian Beach
Small, idyllic with light yellow sand and light blue sea, semi-popular [directions: from Mullion Cove 20mins north on coast path]

PollurianThis is my list. Do you have any favourite beach(es) in Cornwall? Please share your favourites in the comments below.

Written by Kinga Macalla

April 13, 2016

On Multilingualism and Bilingualism: Journals

If you find multilingualism a fascinating subject that you want to explore, you might want to be updated on current research, observations and discussions on the topic. Below you will find a list I have prepared of journals on multilingualism and bilingualism.

International Journal of Multilingualism – focuses on the psycholinguistic, sociolinguistic and educational aspects of multilingual acquisition and multilingualism. It is published quarterly and subscription is available both online and printed (or payable per issue or per article).

On Multilingualism and Bilingualism Magazines and Journals 1

International Journal of Bilingualism – focuses on linguistic, psychological, neurological and social issues with a focus on the linguistic behaviour of bilingual and multilingual individuals. Is it published quarterly and subscription is available both online and printed (or payable per issue or per article).

On Multilingualism and Bilingualism Magazines and Journals 2

International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism – promotes theoretical and applied research into bilingual education and spreads ideas about initiatives in bilingualism and bilingual education. It is published in 6 issues per year and subscription is available both online and printed (or payable per issue or per article).

On Multilingualism and Bilingualism Magazines 3

Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development – covers topics on the sociology and social psychology of language, in language and cultural politics, policy, planning and practice. It is published in 7 issues per year and subscription is available both online and printed (or payable per issue or per article).

On Multilingualism and Bilingualism magazines 4

Bilingual Research Journal. The Journal of the National Association for Bilingual Education – covers bilingualism. It is published quarterly and subscription is available both online and printed (or payable per issue or per article).

On Multilingualism and Bilingualism Magazines 5

Written by Kinga Macalla